Sudan's Crisis: Navigating Disparities, Resilience, and Recovery for Refugees, IDPs, and Host Communities - Findings from the Sudan Welfare Monitoring Survey (WMS), Round 4 (2025)

The report presents findings from the fourth round of the Sudan Welfare Monitoring Survey (WMS-4), which collects near-real-time data on the socio-economic conditions of households across Sudan during the ongoing conflict. The survey captures information on displacement, employment, food security, education, and access to healthcare among Sudanese nationals, internally displaced persons (IDPs), and refugees. It aims to provide evidence to guide humanitarian and development interventions in a rapidly changing crisis environment.

The findings reveal that displacement remains widespread, with roughly a quarter of households affected. Conflict, economic disruption, and insecurity have severely damaged livelihoods and infrastructure. Food insecurity has worsened in many regions, especially in Darfur and Kordofan, where large portions of the population struggle to meet basic dietary needs. At the same time, employment opportunities remain limited, particularly for refugees who face legal and economic barriers to work.

The report emphasizes the need for targeted and adaptive responses to address the crisis. Recommended actions include expanding cash and food assistance, strengthening social protection systems, improving access to education and healthcare, and promoting livelihood opportunities such as agriculture and small enterprises. Continuous monitoring through surveys like the WMS is considered essential for guiding policies and supporting Sudan’s long-term recovery and resilience.